Definition of Macular Degeneration

First, it is important to realize that what is lost isThese three layers are responsible for the feeding
the central portion of your sight - what you seeof oxygen and nutrients to therods and cones
right in front of you like the face of a person orand for the removal of built up waste.
the words in a book.However, with this eye disease, these layers are
Peripheral or side vision is still there. It is NOTno longer doing their job well, and nutrients and
blindness , but rather low vision.oxygen are unable to feed the cells and waste is
The eye is an amazing miracle with over 500built up. The cells begin to die. There are 3 main
kinds of cells. That is where the word "macula"types of this retinal degeneration.
comes in. The macula is the center of the retina1) Dry Macular Degeneration (Dry AMD)
which lines the inside of the eyeball.Dry AMD is the most common form of age
Cone cells are the primary cells in the macula andrelated macular degeneration (AMD). The vision
are responsible for sharp images, acute vision,loss is usually more gradual and not as severe. As
color perception and central vision.the name states it is age related. As we age our
They help us distinguish the difference betweenrisk increases.
navy blue and black and help us see the detailed2. Wet Macular Degeneration (Wet AMD)
features of a face or read the words in theFortunately, wet AMD is not as common as dry
newspaper.AMD. However, it does cause greater central
In this macular disease the cone cells and the rodvision loss which can be very sudden. Dry AMD
cells begin to die. As a result there are less cellscan turn into Wet AMD.
to transmit visual signals to the brain.3. Juvenile Macular Degeneration (JMD)
The three layers of tissue that lie beneath theJMD, more commonly known as macular
retina are also involved. They are:dystrophy, is really several different genetic
1) the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE)diseases. They are usually diagnosed during
2) Bruch's Membranechildhood or adolescence.
3) the Choroid