How Does Your Printer Work?

Impact printers, as the very name implies meansnozzles. Heat resistant and water based ink is
that the printing mechanism touches the paperused for these printers.
for creating an image. Impact printers were usedThe latest and fastest printers are Laser Printers.
in early 70s and 80s. In Dot Matrix printers aThey use the principal of static electricity for
series of small pins is used to strike on a ribbonprinting it as in photocopiers. The principle of static
coated with ink to transfer the image on theelectricity is that it can be built on an insulated
paper.object. Oppositely charged atoms of objects
Other Impact Printers like Character printers are(positive and negative) are attracted to each
basically computerized typewriters. They have aother and cling together. For example, pieces of
series of bars or a ball with actual characters onnylon material clinging to your body, or the static
them, which strike on the ink ribbon to transferyou get after brushing hair. A laser printer uses
the characters on the paper. At a time only onethis same principle to glue ink on the paper.
character can be printed. Daisy Wheel printers useHow Laser Printer works:
a plastic or metal wheel. These types of printersUnlike the printers before, Laser printers use
have limited usage though because they aretoner, static electricity and heat to create an
limited to printing only characters or one type ofimage on the paper. Toner is dry ink. It contains
font and not the graphics.colour and plastic particles. The toner passes
There are Line printers where a chain ofthrough the fuser in the computer and the
characters or pins, print an entire line, whichresulting heat binds it to any type of paper.
makes them pretty fast, but the print quality isPrinting with laser printers is fast and non-smudge
not so good. Thermal printers are nothing butand the quality is excellent because of the high
printers used in calculators and fax machines.resolution that it can achieve with 300 dots per
They are inexpensive to use. Thermal printersinch to almost 1200 dpi at the higher end.
work by pushing heated pins against special heatBasic components of a laser printer are fuser,
sensitive paper.photoreceptor drum assembly, developer roller,
More efficient and advanced printers have comelaser scanning unit, toner hopper, corona wire and
out now which use new Non-impact Technology.a discharge lamp. The laser beam creates an
Non-impact printers are those where the printingimage on the drum and wherever it hits, it
mechanism does not come into the contact ofchanges the electrical charge like positive or
paper at all. This makes them quieter in operationnegative. The drum then is rolled on the toner.
in comparison to the impact printers.Toner is picked up by charged portion of the
In mid 1980s Inkjet printers were introduced.drum and gets transferred to the paper after
These have been the most widely used andpassing through the fuser. Fuser heats up the
popular printers so far. Colour printing gotpaper to amalgamate ink and plastic in toner to
revolutionized after inkjet printers were invented.create an image. Laser printers are called "page
An Inkjet printer's head has tiny nozzles, whichprinters" because entire page is transferred to the
place extremely tiny droplets of ink on the paperdrum before printing. Any type of paper can be
to create an image. These dots are so small thatused in these printers. Laser printers popularized
even the diameter of human hair is bigger. TheseDTP or Desk Top Publishing for it can print any
dots are placed precisely and can be up to thenumber of fonts and any graphics..
resolution of 1440 x 720 per inch. DifferentThis is how the computer and printer operate to
combinations of ink cartridges can be used forprint
these printers.When we want to print something we simply
How an Inkjet printer workspress the command "Print". This information is
The print head in this printer scans the pagesent to either RAM of the printer or the RAM of
horizontally back and forth and another motorthe computer depending upon the type of printer
assembly rolls the paper vertically in strips andwe have. The process of printing then starts.
thus a strip is printed at a time. Only half aWhile the printing is going on, our computer can
second is taken to print a strip. Inkjet printersstill perform a variety of operations. Jobs are put
were very popular because of their ability toin a buffer or a special area in RAM or Random
colour print. Most inkjets use Thermal Technology.Access Memory and the printer pulls them off at
Plain copier paper can be used in these printersits own pace. We can also line up our printing jobs
unlike thermal paper used for fax machines. Heatthis way. This way of simultaneously performing
is used to fire ink onto the paper through thefunctions is called spooling. Our computer and the
print head. Some print heads can have up to 300printer are thus in constant communication.