Myopia, Hyperopia, Nearsighted, Farsighted, Astigmatism, Presbyopia - What Do They All Mean?

These are questions that eye doctors arepresbyopia are often confused.
frequently asked. It can be confusing when therePresbyopia
are common terms for medical conditions.A person is presbyopic when the crystalline lens in
Myopia or Nearsightednessthe eye can no longer focus well at near, making
A condition where a person's uncorrected vision isreading glasses or bifocals necessary. A person
only clear up close. Instead of the light focusing oncan be both farsighted and presbyopic or
the retina, it focuses in front of the retina. Anearsighted and presbyopic. Presbyopia typically
myopic person can read a magazine, howeverbegins in our early 40s. The older we get the
their distance vision is blurry and requires glassesmore difficult it is for our eyes to focus at near.
or contact lenses to make it clear.The effects of presbyopia level off in our mid to
Hyperopia or Farsightednesslate 60s.
Hyperopia, commonly referred to asAstigmatism
farsightedness, is when a person sees better inMany people feel astigmatism is a bad,
the distance than at near. Light entering the eyeprogressive disease. Actually astigmatism is
focuses behind the retina placing a blurry image oncaused when light focuses in two points in the
the retina. For a hyperopic person to see clearlyback of the eye because it is not in the shape of
at any distance a muscle, inside the eye called thea sphere. An eye with astigmatism has often
ciliary body, must focus an intra-ocular lens. Asbeen described to be in the shape of an egg or
we get older it becomes more difficult for thefootball, to some degree that is true, though an
eye to accomplish this auto focusing. Because ofastigmatic eye is not exaggerated to that degree.
the eye's ability to focus, farsighted people oftenMost people have some astigmatism. Visually, a
don't need glasses until their 30s or 40s.person with uncorrected astigmatism will often
Uncorrected farsightedness, however, may causesee a faint shadow on letters or objects.
a person to experience eyestrain or an eye turnEmmetropia
(strabismus), depending on the degree ofA person is emmetropic when an image focuses
farsightedness and the patient's age. The youngerclearly on the retina without the eye doing any
we are the easier it is for the eye to compensatefocusing itself. A person that is emmetropic has
for farsightedness. Uncorrected farsightednessuncorrected "normal vision".
can lead to amblyopia. Farsightedness and