Retinal Detachment in Dogs

Retinal detachment in dogs can occur in just onepotential causes including; congenital, circulatory,
of your pets eyes, or it can affect both eyes atinfections, toxins, degenerative disease, cancer,
the same time. It can result in reduced vision, or ifimmune mediated causes, or a trauma of some
it is severe enough, it can cause your dog to gotype. Congenital causes of retinal detachment can
blind. It can also cause your dogs eyes tobe inherited, or they can develop with the first
hemorrhage or become severely discolored. Itfew months of life.
may also put so much pressure on the retina,The most common form is from a skeletal
that the pupils will become so dilated that they willdisease, especially in very large breeds, where an
show absolutely no light reflex at all.actual folding of the retina has occurred. It could
Treatment must begin as soon as possible withalso be from Collie eye, which affects the actual
this condition, or your dog will becomeconnective tissues of the choroid and the sclera,
permanently blind as a result and it could happenand as the name suggests, is most common in
within a couple of days as it is that severe.Collies or Sheepdog breeds. However, it can also
But contrary to some misconception, it is notbe the result of a very poor nutritional intake that
always the result of an ocular problem; it is almosthas caused clotting issues and may be associated
always the result of underlying diseases orwith a Vitamin K deficiency.
condition that is causing all of these problems.Circulatory problems affect older dogs more
Surgery may be required and is successful incommonly, and the major cause is high blood
some cases, but not it all cases. However, therepressure which results in fluid leaking and bleeding
are several treatments that can be tried beforefrom the blood vessels of the retina. As this fluid
surgery is required.accumulates, it forces the detachment. The most
Retinal detachment in dogs is where thecommon cause of the high blood pressure is from
innermost back part of your dogs eyes, thechronic kidney disease. Your dogs blood may also
retina, has become detached from the outer wallbecome too thick as the result of overproduction
of the eye.. The retina itself is the thin membraneof white blood cells or red blood cells.
of nerve tissues that lies in the back or your petsHowever, one of the most common problems
eyes and it connected to the choroid. The choroid,with circulation is the lack of blood clotting caused
which is also known as the choroidea or choroidby the lack of Vitamin K in your dogs system.
coat, is the vascular layer that contains theThis could be the result of an actual deficiency of
connective tissues.the vitamin, or the result of a liver disease or
These are the tissues of the eye lying betweenleukemia. Infectious diseases may also be the
the retina and the sclera and they provide bothcause, especially if the infection is caused by fungi.
oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers ofFungal infections generally attack the skin or the
the retina. In dogs, the actual detachment willlungs, but the retina is also extremely vulnerable
almost always occur as the result of anto several forms of fungal infections.
accumulation of fluid that has formed under theToxins such as antifreeze poisoning and exposure
retina and is the result of something that isto sulfa products can cause a very rapid retina
pathologic, meaning it is related or caused by adetachment, as can several forms of cancer as
disease, either in the eye itself, or somewherewell as a severe traumatic event that may have
else in your dogs body.affected your dogs head or their eyes. However,
Symptoms:perhaps the two most dangerous causes are
Retinal detachment in dogs cause very distinctiveimmune mediated diseases and degeneration.
symptoms that will be very easy to spot byImmune mediated diseases are especially
owners as there is no one that knows anddangerous as they cause inflammation to occur
understands your dogs eyes better than you do.that can cause a gradual or a very rapid retinal
The first symptom is usually dilated pupils, but thisdetachment. There is a syndrome called
will not be an ordinary form of dilation as it willUveodermatologic syndrome that affects Oriental
result in no pupillary light reflex at all. This is thebreeds as well as Arctic sled dogs which is a very
reflex that controls the actual diameter of yourstrange disease. It attacks any pigmented tissues
pets eye in response to light intensity. Underin the body and causes the pigment to disappear
normal circumstances, bright light of any kind willand can affect the skin, hair, and the lips.
cause your dogs pupils to become smaller in aHowever, the hardest hit is the eyes.
defensive mode. And in the opposite realm, dimImmune mediated diseases also affect very large
light causes the pupil to enlarge.breeds and the first organ affected is the eyes.
If you fully understand your dogs eyes, you willDegenerative diseases which are generally
notice very quickly that something is wrong whenassociated with geriatric dogs in their final stages
there is no dilation at all. The next symptom thatof life will also cause detachment of the retina.
you will see will be either a visible hemorrhageRetinal detachment can also occur in the final
that has or is occurring in their eye, or you willstages of glaucoma, the result of a complicated
notice a strange discoloration of the front of theircataract surgery, or as the result of a retinal tear,
eyes. If the blood from the back of your dogsvery common in the Shih Tzu breed of dogs.
eyes moves forward, it causes an inflammationSummary:
and will also change the appearance of the eyesRetinal detachment in dogs does have several
themselves.forms of very successful treatments other than
The final symptom is very self explanatory; yoursurgery. Antibiotics can be very successful for
dog will have a very sudden and pronouncedfungal infections, corticosteroids can effectively
reduced vision or lose their vision totally. If thestop most immune diseases, and intravenous
actual underlying cause is from an infection or anfluids will help circulatory problems. Vitamin K
immune related disease, your dog may go totallytherapy and regular daily doses also very
blind within one to three days. Because of this, iteffectively combat clotting disorders.
is extremely important to watch for theHowever, they all must be administered very
symptoms.rapidly by your veterinarian and only you can
Causes:make that happen by watching for the
Retinal detachment can be the result of severalsymptoms.