Visual Impairment - Communication in Healthcare

Treating Patients with Visual ImpairmentWhen first speaking to someone with sight loss,
Patients who are blind or vision impaired will havetell them who you are - your name and your role.
different needs to other groups. In the generalDon't rely on them recognising your face, name
population, 70% of information is visual. Sight lossbadge or uniform. Also as they may meet a
can therefore totally change the way that peoplenumber of staff in quick succession; it is not
communicate. Getting communication right is socertain they will remember you on later occasions.
important, but obviously difficult in a busyThere is a limit to the number of voices a human
environment.can remember!
Varying NeedsNormally when healthcare staff listen, they nod
People vary in what they can see, and thisand make eye contact to show interest. Where
reflects in what they need from communication.talking to someone with severe sight loss, you
A small number of patients will be totally blind.may need to make this more verbal. Again this is
Aside from this, there is a huge variation in typessomething you probably have plenty of practice
of sight loss.at in telephone calls. If you are taking notes whilst
Someone who has central vision loss (e.g. Maculartalking to someone, let them know this as it will
Disease) may not see faces or expressions; theyexplain silences.
may not see written signs, or be able to read aUsing gestures and expressions is fine if this helps
hospital menu card. However they may be able toyou to communicate naturally. However, try to
find their way around safely.reflect what you are feeling in your voice as well.
If you are treating a patient with peripheral visionThis means that patients who are blind or visually
loss (e.g. Glaucoma, Retinitis Pigmentosa) beimpaired get more feedback to what they are
aware that they may not see what is right nextsaying.
to them; though may be able to see straightThis article won't have covered every situation
ahead very clearly. As an example of how tothat you as nurses, doctors and other healthcare
work with them, if you give them something,staff encounter. Where you are not sure on
physically hand it to them rather than leaving itsomething it is often best to ask your patient
next to them.themselves. They are the expert on how much
Although people differ in many ways, onehelp they need, and how best to help them. And
common need is for a good level of ambient light.they will probably appreciate the personal touch of
Get this right and communication will be muchyour effort to get it right.
smoother for patients with partial sight.What's most important to remember?
Communication TipsEveryone is different, and what people need in
If you remember one thing it is this: make yourcommunication partly depends on the type of
communication verbal, not visual. Simply think ofsight loss they have. Focus on the verbal aspect
communicating as you do on the telephone.of your communication. And if in doubt, ask.