| Vision and the ability to differentiate between | | | | negligible. There are three different types of |
| colors in the spectrum are extremely essential in | | | | inherited color vision defects; namely |
| order to meet day-to-day chores of life. Human | | | | monochromacy, dichromacy and anamolous |
| eye contains two specialized kinds of | | | | trichromacy. |
| photoreceptor cells namely rods and cones that | | | | There are different reasons due to which a |
| actively participate in regulating these activities. | | | | person can acquire color blindness and color vision |
| Any abnormalities or errors in these cells can | | | | defects. Some of these include any disease in the |
| result in the individual being unable to identify | | | | eye, injury to the retina, ageing, injury to the |
| colors, a medical condition better known as color | | | | optic nerve, damage to the brain, damage caused |
| blindness or color vision defect. | | | | due to excessive exposure to UV radiation or |
| Abnormalities in the color vision can occur either | | | | even as a result of side effects of certain |
| due to genetic disorder or acquired. | | | | medications. |
| Genetic defects or inherited disorders are primarily | | | | Defects in the color vision were first identified and |
| as a result of mutated genes. Inherited color | | | | reported in 1798 by John Dalton, an English |
| vision defect is primarily an X-linked disorder that | | | | chemist. As a result, these diseases are |
| is mostly prevalent in males. This is because males | | | | sometimes referred to Daltonism. Today, |
| have only one single X-chromosome while females | | | | detection and diagnosis of color blindness is |
| carry two sets of X-chromosomes. Hence, if the | | | | extremely simple and easy. There are certain |
| X-chromosome transferred to the male contains | | | | specialized color vision tests such as |
| mutations that can cause color blindness, the child | | | | pseudoisochromatic plate tests and arrangement |
| is definitely going to suffer from the disease. In | | | | tests that are routinely used to screen for |
| case of females, chances of both the | | | | inherited color blindness disorders. |
| chromosomes carrying mutations are practically | | | | |